Examinando por Materia "Contamination"

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    Ecological risk due to heavy metal contamination in sediment and water of naturalwetlands with tourist influence in the central region of Peru
    (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2021-08-18) Custodio, María; Fow, Anthony; Chanamé, Fernán; Orellana Mendoza, Edith; Peñaloza, Richard; Alvarado Ibañez, Juan Carlos; Cano, Deyvis; Pizarro, Samuel
    In this study, the quality of sediment and surface water in two natural wetlands, Paca and Tragadero, in the central region of Peru was evaluated using pollution indices, including the geoaccumulation index, pollutant load index, modified pollution degree, potential ecological risk index, and site rank index, for four heavy metals. Principal component analysis was used to identify potential metal contaminant sources. The determination of Fe, Zn, Pb, and As was performed by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The average concentrations of metals in the sediments of both lagoons decreased in the order Fe > Zn > Pb > As. The analysis of the contamination indices determined that As and Pb are the elements that contribute the most to environmental degradation in both wetlands. There is a strong correlation between the values of potential ecological risk and the modified degree of contamination, revealing that the Paca wetland has a moderate degree of contamination and potential ecological risk, while Tragadero presents a high degree of contamination and considerable potential ecological risk. The application of the site rank index showed that more than 50% of the sampling sites have between high and severe contamination. The principal component analysis presented 79.2% of the total variance. Finally, the results of this study are essential in order to carry out preventive actions for environmental protection in these lake ecosystems of great importance for many activities, such as bird watching.
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    Acceso Abierto
    Evaluation of heavy metals in vegetables from two origins marketed in northern Peru
    (Technoscience Publications, 2022-07-08) Grández, J.; Oliva, M.; Morales, E.; Goñas, M.; Chavez, S.; Guivin, A.; Quiñonez, L.; Milla, M.
    The objective of the study was to evaluate the concentration of arsenic, chromium, cadmium, and lead in onion (Allium fistulosum and Allium cepa), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), and celery (Apium graveolens) from two origins (local - Chachapoyas province and from the coast-province of Chiclayo) that are sold in the model market of the city of Chachapoyas. Six samples were taken on three different dates in November 2020, which were collected by non-probabilistic sampling (by convenience), which allowed choosing the most appropriate sample (according to its origin). For the determination of heavy metals, the Agilent 4100 MP-AES spectrometer was used. The concentration of As, Cr, and Cd in the vegetables remained below the Maximum Allowable Limits of the international standards with which they were compared; however, the concentration of Pb exceeded the Maximum Allowable Limits in all the samples analyzed, obtaining the lowest value in the celery samples from the local origin (0.15 mg.kg-1) and the highest value in the tomato samples from the coast (0.21 mg.kg-1). Therefore, it is concluded that only Pb is higher than the Maximum Allowable Limits with which it was compared.
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    Ítem
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    Optimización de bioadsorbentes a partir de residuos agrícolas para la remoción de metales pesados en aguas de la comunidad nativa de Urakusa
    (Universidad Nacional Intercultural Fabiola Salazar Leguía de Bagua, 2025-12-15) Guevara Montoya, Adi Aynett; Ticona Chayña, Euclides; Morales Rojas, Eli
    Esta investigación tuvo como propósito optimizar un bioadsorbente de bajo costo elaborado con cáscara de cacao y tallo de plátano, con el fin de reducir la presencia de plomo y microorganismos patógenos en el agua de consumo de la comunidad nativa de Urakusa, en la región Amazonas. El estudio se desarrolló bajo un enfoque experimental aplicado, empleando un diseño completamente al azar, con muestras en agua recolectadas en diversos puntos de la comunidad. Los bioadsorbentes fueron activados con ácido cítrico y evaluados mediante técnicas fisicoquímicas, microbiológicas y espectrofotométricas, a fin de medir su eficiencia en la eliminación de contaminantes. Los resultados demostraron que ambos materiales presentaron alta porosidad y superficie activa, características que favorecieron una efectiva adsorción de metales pesados, logrando una remoción de plomo cercana al 99 % y una reducción de microorganismos entre el 90 y 100 %, cumpliendo con los de calidad. Además, el tratamiento no alteró los parámetros fisicoquímicos como oxígeno disuelto, conductividad, pH manteniéndolos dentro de los límites permisibles para agua potable. En conclusión, el aprovechamiento de estos residuos agrícolas locales como la cáscara de cacao y el tallo de plátano, representan una opción biotecnológica factible, sostenible y de bajo costo para optimizar la calidad del agua en comunidades rurales. Este enfoque promueve la economía circular, la sostenibilidad ambiental y el fortalecimiento de la salud pública en zonas vulnerables de la Amazonía peruana.