Bacterias rizosféricas nativas de coffea arabica como biocontroladoras de meloidogyne spp. en cultivos de capsicum annuum, bajo condiciones de invernadero
Fecha
2025-12-12
Autores
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Nacional Intercultural Fabiola Salazar Leguía de Bagua
Resumen
El uso indiscriminado de agroquímicos para el manejo de plagas y enfermedades afecta la biodiversidad microbiana del suelo, sostenibilidad agrícola y la salud humana. Este estudio evaluó el efecto biocontrolador de rizobacterias nativas de Coffea arabica en Capsicum annuum bajo condiciones de invernadero. Se aislaron un total de 80 cepas de rizobacterias, seleccionadas según sus características bioquímicas con potencial biofertilizante. La caracterización in vitro permitió identificar bacterias solubilizadoras de fósforo (BSP) con IS > 2, productoras de ácido indolacético (BPAIA) con > 50 µg/mL y fijadoras de nitrógeno (BFN) mediante biopelícula y el cambio de pH. Las cepas se aplicaron a plantas de Capsicum annuum mediante cuatro tratamientos (BFN, BSP, BPAIA y CONSORCIO) más el grupo control. Se evaluaron longitud de la planta, grosor del tallo, biomasa foliar y radicular y nodulación por Meloidogyne spp. Los resultados mostraron que BSP obtuvo los mayores valores de longitud y grosor del tallo (16.92 – 4.578), biomasa foliar y radicular (0.4452), seguido por BPAIA, CONSORCIO y BFN, mientras el control presentó los valores más bajos. La nodulación fue significativamente menor en todos los tratamientos respecto al control (BSP: 4.583, BPAIA: 4.833, CONSORCIO: 4.917, BFN: 9.75 y Control: 16.83). Estos resultados evidencian que las rizobacterias, especialmente las BSP, promueven el crecimiento y actúan como agentes biocontroladores.
The indiscriminate use of agrochemicals for pest and disease management affects soil microbial biodiversity, agricultural sustainability, and human health. This study evaluated the biocontrol effect of native rhizobacteria from Coffea arabica on Capsicum annuum under greenhouse conditions. A total of 80 strains of rhizobacteria were isolated, selected according to their biochemical characteristics with biofertilizer potential. In vitro characterization allowed the identification of phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) with IS > 2, indoleacetic acid-producing bacteria (BPAIA) with > 50 µg/mL, and nitrogen-fixing bacteria (NFB) through biofilm and pH change. The strains were applied to Capsicum annuum plants using four treatments (NFB, PSB, BPAIA, and CONSORTIUM) plus the control group. Plant length, stem thickness, leaf and root biomass, and nodulation by Meloidogyne spp. were evaluated. The results showed that PSB obtained the highest values for stem length and thickness (16.92–4.578), leaf and root biomass (0.4452), followed by BPAIA, CONSORTIUM, and NFB, while the control had the lowest values. Nodulation was significantly lower in all treatments compared to the control (PSB: 4.583, BPAIA: 4.833, CONSORTIUM: 4.917, NFB: 9.75, and Control: 16.83). These results show that rhizobacteria, especially PSB, promote growth and act as biocontrol agents.
The indiscriminate use of agrochemicals for pest and disease management affects soil microbial biodiversity, agricultural sustainability, and human health. This study evaluated the biocontrol effect of native rhizobacteria from Coffea arabica on Capsicum annuum under greenhouse conditions. A total of 80 strains of rhizobacteria were isolated, selected according to their biochemical characteristics with biofertilizer potential. In vitro characterization allowed the identification of phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) with IS > 2, indoleacetic acid-producing bacteria (BPAIA) with > 50 µg/mL, and nitrogen-fixing bacteria (NFB) through biofilm and pH change. The strains were applied to Capsicum annuum plants using four treatments (NFB, PSB, BPAIA, and CONSORTIUM) plus the control group. Plant length, stem thickness, leaf and root biomass, and nodulation by Meloidogyne spp. were evaluated. The results showed that PSB obtained the highest values for stem length and thickness (16.92–4.578), leaf and root biomass (0.4452), followed by BPAIA, CONSORTIUM, and NFB, while the control had the lowest values. Nodulation was significantly lower in all treatments compared to the control (PSB: 4.583, BPAIA: 4.833, CONSORTIUM: 4.917, NFB: 9.75, and Control: 16.83). These results show that rhizobacteria, especially PSB, promote growth and act as biocontrol agents.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Rizobacterias, Coffea arabica, Capsicum annuum, Meloidogyne spp, Efecto biocontrolador, Rhizobacteria, Biocontrol effect
Citación
Granda Ramos, J. D. (2025). Bacterias rizosféricas nativas de coffea arabica como biocontroladoras de meloidogyne spp. en cultivos de capsicum annuum, bajo condiciones de invernadero. Tesis para optar el título profesional de Biotecnólogo. Escuela Profesional de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional Intercultural Fabiola Salazar Leguía de Bagua, Bagua, Perú
