Evaluación del desempeño sísmico del edificio académico de la Universidad Nacional Intercultural Fabiola Salazar Leguía de Bagua mediante el método Pushover
Fecha
2025-10-09
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Universidad Nacional Intercultural Fabiola Salazar Leguía de Bagua
Resumen
El objetivo principal de la presente tesis fue determinar el nivel de desempeño sísmico del edificio académico de la Universidad Nacional Intercultural Fabiola Salazar Leguía de Bagua, mediante el método Pushover. La investigación se centra en el análisis estructural del mencionado edificio académico, aplicando un método de evaluación rápida y efectiva. La metodología empleada se desarrolló como un estudio de tipo descriptivo, con un enfoque cualitativo y cuantitativo, bajo un diseño no experimental y de corte transversal. Para este análisis se hizo un modelamiento en el programa ETABS 22.4.0, junto con el análisis estático y dinámico, y la utilización de modelos constitutivos no lineales para el concreto y el acero, así como el calculo de los puntos y niveles de desempeño siguiendo los lineamientos del RNE, FEMA 440 y ATC – 40.
De acuerdo con el procedimiento seguido por las normativas mencionadas, los resultados revelaron que el edificio evaluado tiene un comportamiento estructural acorde a las demandas sísmicas de (SS) y (SD). En la dirección X los desplazamientos han sido 41.5 mm (SS) y 104.5 mm (SD) mientras que para la dirección Y se han obtenido 53.20 mm (SS) y 97.19 mm (SD). Manteniéndose dentro de los límites establecidos para los niveles de (IO) y (LS). No obstante, ante un Sismo Máximo (SM), la estructura evidencia desempeño crítico. En la dirección X, el desplazamiento alcanzó los 142.6 mm, valor que representa un estado de precolapso, ubicado entre los niveles de (LS) y (CP). Aunque la edificación no colapsa, el daño estructural es severo, comprometiendo su integridad y operatividad. En la dirección Y, el desplazamiento fue de 138.4 mm, superando el umbral de desempeño aceptable, y ubicándose en el nivel de Prevención de Colapso (CP), lo que evidencia una condición estructural inaceptable para una edificación destinada a funciones académicas.
Se concluyo que el edificio cumple con el nivel de desempeño Seguridad de Vida (LS) para un sismo de diseño (SD), Sin embargo, frente a los siguientes casos de sismo como un sismo máximo (SM) en dirección X, se alcanza un estado cercano a precolapso, pero no se supera el límite estructural, por lo que puede considerarse críticamente aceptable; mientras que en dirección Y, el nivel de daño es mayor y supera los límites de desempeño de Seguridad de Vida, lo que implica colapso parcial o total, invalidando el objetivo de desempeño para esta dirección en este escenario. La implementación de los modelos Mander et al. (1988) y Park y Paulay (1988) en el programa ETABS 22.4.0 permitió capturar con precisión el comportamiento no lineal esperado del concreto armado en el análisis Pushover. Esto se refleja en la forma de la curva de capacidad estructural obtenida.
The main objective of this thesis was to determine the seismic performance level of the Fabiola Salazar Leguía National Intercultural University of Bagua, through the Pushover method. The research focuses on the structural analysis of the aforementioned academic building, applying a rapid and effective assessment method. The methodology employed was a descriptive study, with a qualitative and quantitative approach, under a non-experimental, cross-sectional design. For this analysis, modeling was performed using the ETABS 22.4.0 software, along with static and dynamic analysis, and the use of nonlinear constitutive models for concrete and steel. Performance points and levels were calculated following the guidelines of the RNE, FEMA 440, and ATC-40. In accordance with the procedure followed by the aforementioned regulations, the results revealed that the evaluated building exhibits structural behavior consistent with the seismic demands of (SS) and (SD). In the X direction, the displacements were 41.5 mm (SS) and 104.5 mm (SD), while in the Y direction, they were 53.20 mm (SS) and 97.19 mm (SD). These displacements remained within the limits established for the (IO) and (LS) levels. However, in the event of a Maximum Earthquake (SM), the structure showed critical performance. In the X direction, the displacement reached 142.6 mm, a value that represents a pre-collapse state, located between the (LS) and (CP) levels. Although the building did not collapse, the structural damage was severe, compromising its integrity and operability. In the Y direction, the displacement was 138.4 mm, exceeding the acceptable performance threshold and falling within the Collapse Prevention (CP) level, demonstrating an unacceptable structural condition for a building intended for academic functions. It was concluded that the building meets the Life Safety (LS) performance level for a design earthquake (SD). However, in the following earthquake cases, such as a maximum earthquake (SM) in the X direction, a state close to pre-collapse is reached, but the structural limit is not exceeded, so it can be considered critically acceptable; while in the Y direction, the level of damage is greater and exceeds the Life Safety performance limits, implying partial or total collapse, invalidating the performance objective for this direction in this scenario. The implementation of the Mander et al. (1988) and Park and Paulay (1988) models in the ETABS 22.4.0 program made it possible to accurately capture the expected nonlinear behavior of reinforced concrete in the Pushover analysis. This is reflected in the shape of the obtained structural capacity curve.
The main objective of this thesis was to determine the seismic performance level of the Fabiola Salazar Leguía National Intercultural University of Bagua, through the Pushover method. The research focuses on the structural analysis of the aforementioned academic building, applying a rapid and effective assessment method. The methodology employed was a descriptive study, with a qualitative and quantitative approach, under a non-experimental, cross-sectional design. For this analysis, modeling was performed using the ETABS 22.4.0 software, along with static and dynamic analysis, and the use of nonlinear constitutive models for concrete and steel. Performance points and levels were calculated following the guidelines of the RNE, FEMA 440, and ATC-40. In accordance with the procedure followed by the aforementioned regulations, the results revealed that the evaluated building exhibits structural behavior consistent with the seismic demands of (SS) and (SD). In the X direction, the displacements were 41.5 mm (SS) and 104.5 mm (SD), while in the Y direction, they were 53.20 mm (SS) and 97.19 mm (SD). These displacements remained within the limits established for the (IO) and (LS) levels. However, in the event of a Maximum Earthquake (SM), the structure showed critical performance. In the X direction, the displacement reached 142.6 mm, a value that represents a pre-collapse state, located between the (LS) and (CP) levels. Although the building did not collapse, the structural damage was severe, compromising its integrity and operability. In the Y direction, the displacement was 138.4 mm, exceeding the acceptable performance threshold and falling within the Collapse Prevention (CP) level, demonstrating an unacceptable structural condition for a building intended for academic functions. It was concluded that the building meets the Life Safety (LS) performance level for a design earthquake (SD). However, in the following earthquake cases, such as a maximum earthquake (SM) in the X direction, a state close to pre-collapse is reached, but the structural limit is not exceeded, so it can be considered critically acceptable; while in the Y direction, the level of damage is greater and exceeds the Life Safety performance limits, implying partial or total collapse, invalidating the performance objective for this direction in this scenario. The implementation of the Mander et al. (1988) and Park and Paulay (1988) models in the ETABS 22.4.0 program made it possible to accurately capture the expected nonlinear behavior of reinforced concrete in the Pushover analysis. This is reflected in the shape of the obtained structural capacity curve.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Horizontal displacements, Maximum drifts, Seismic demand, Performance objective, Performance level, Desplazamientos horizontales, Derivas máximas, Demanda sísmica, Objetivo de desempeño, Nivel de desempeño
Citación
Leon Santos, E. J. (2025). Evaluación del desempeño sísmico del edificio académico de la Universidad Nacional Intercultural Fabiola Salazar Leguía de Bagua mediante el método Pushover. Tesis para optar el título profesional de Ingeniero Civil. Escuela Profesional de Ingeniería Civil, Facultad de Ingenierías, Universidad Nacional Intercultural Fabiola Salazar Leguía de Bagua, Bagua, Perú
