Modelamiento e implementación de vivienda sostenible de madera cedro para mejorar la calidad de vida de los originarios en Yupicusa, distrito de Imaza-Amazonas
Fecha
2025-08-07
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Universidad Nacional Intercultural Fabiola Salazar Leguía de Bagua
Resumen
La investigación modeló e implementó una vivienda sostenible de madera de cedro con el objetivo de mejorar la calidad de vida de los originarios de Yupicusa, distrito de Imaza, Amazonas. Se utilizó un enfoque cuantitativo, con un diseño no experimental y de tipo aplicado, analizando el impacto en sostenibilidad, costos y condiciones habitacionales.
El estudio incluyó encuestas aplicadas a 132 viviendas, procesadas mediante SPSS v25. Inicialmente, la familia accesitaria tenía una puntuación de 24 puntos en calidad de vida (nivel bajo). Tras la implementación, la puntuación ascendió a 63 puntos (nivel alto), representando un incremento del 63%. A nivel comunitario, se estimó que otras viviendas podrían mejorar en un 52.3% si se replicara el modelo.
Desde el punto de vista estructural, la vivienda fue diseñada con madera de cedro con una resistencia de 110 kg/cm², integrando cimentación superficial, columnas, vigas, viguetas y cerchas, garantizando seguridad sísmica. Se incorporaron elementos de sostenibilidad, como paneles solares y un diseño en armonía con el entorno natural, en línea con estudios previos sobre viviendas sostenibles.
En términos económicos, el costo directo de la vivienda ascendió a S/. 16,717.55, con un presupuesto final de S/. 24,658.39. Comparado con modelos tradicionales (M2 y Mollendo KM 5), el modelo propuesto es hasta 49.6% más económico, evidenciando su viabilidad y accesibilidad.
Los resultados reflejan que el 95.45% de los pobladores reportaban una calidad de vida baja antes de la intervención, pero tras la implementación se observó una mejora significativa, respaldando investigaciones previas sobre condiciones estructurales y bienestar rural.
Se concluye que la vivienda sostenible de cedro es una solución técnica viable, que contribuye a mejorar la calidad de vida, resiliencia y sostenibilidad de las comunidades amazónicas rurales.
The research modeled and implemented a sustainable cedar wood dwelling with the goal of improving the quality of life of the indigenous people of Yupicusa, Imaza district, Amazonas. A quantitative approach was used, with a non-experimental, applied design, analyzing the impact on sustainability, costs, and housing conditions. The study included surveys administered to 70 homes, processed using SPSS v25. Initially, the eligible family had a score of 24 points in quality of life (low). After implementation, the score rose to 63 points (high), representing a 63% increase. At the community level, it was estimated that other homes could improve by 52.3% if the model were replicated. Structurally, the dwelling was designed with cedar wood with a resistance of 110 kg/cm², integrating shallow foundations, columns, beams, joists, and trusses, ensuring seismic safety. Sustainability elements were incorporated, such as solar panels and a design in harmony with the natural environment, in line with previous studies on sustainable housing. In economic terms, the direct cost of the house amounted to S/. 16,717.55, with a final budget of S/. 24,658.39. Compared to traditional models (M2 and Mollendo KM 5), the proposed model is up to 49.6% more economical, demonstrating its viability and accessibility. The results show that 95.45% of residents reported a low quality of life before the intervention, but after implementation, a significant improvement was observed, supporting previous research on structural conditions and rural well-being. The conclusion is that sustainable cedar housing is a viable technical solution that contributes to improving the quality of life, resilience, and sustainability of rural Amazonian communities.
The research modeled and implemented a sustainable cedar wood dwelling with the goal of improving the quality of life of the indigenous people of Yupicusa, Imaza district, Amazonas. A quantitative approach was used, with a non-experimental, applied design, analyzing the impact on sustainability, costs, and housing conditions. The study included surveys administered to 70 homes, processed using SPSS v25. Initially, the eligible family had a score of 24 points in quality of life (low). After implementation, the score rose to 63 points (high), representing a 63% increase. At the community level, it was estimated that other homes could improve by 52.3% if the model were replicated. Structurally, the dwelling was designed with cedar wood with a resistance of 110 kg/cm², integrating shallow foundations, columns, beams, joists, and trusses, ensuring seismic safety. Sustainability elements were incorporated, such as solar panels and a design in harmony with the natural environment, in line with previous studies on sustainable housing. In economic terms, the direct cost of the house amounted to S/. 16,717.55, with a final budget of S/. 24,658.39. Compared to traditional models (M2 and Mollendo KM 5), the proposed model is up to 49.6% more economical, demonstrating its viability and accessibility. The results show that 95.45% of residents reported a low quality of life before the intervention, but after implementation, a significant improvement was observed, supporting previous research on structural conditions and rural well-being. The conclusion is that sustainable cedar housing is a viable technical solution that contributes to improving the quality of life, resilience, and sustainability of rural Amazonian communities.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Vivienda sostenible, Calidad de vida, Presupuesto, Yupicusa, Sustainable housing, Cedar wood construction, Quality of life
Citación
Hernandez Davila, J. M. (2025). Modelamiento e implementación de vivienda sostenible de madera cedro para mejorar la calidad de vida de los originarios en Yupicusa, distrito de Imaza-Amazonas. Tesis para optar el título profesional de Ingeniero Civil. Escuela Profesional de Ingeniería Civil, Facultad de Ingenierías, Universidad Nacional Intercultural Fabiola Salazar Leguía de Bagua, Bagua, Perú
