Scopus
URI permanente para esta colección
Examinar
Examinando Scopus por Título
Mostrando 1 - 15 de 15
Resultados por página
Opciones de ordenación
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoAnalysis of germination curves of cinchona officinalis L. (Rubiaceae) using sigmoidal mathematical models(2023-01-09) Quiñones Huatangari, Lenin; Huaccha Castillo, Annick Estefany; Fernandez Zarate, Franklin Hitler; Morales Rojas, Eli; Marrufo Jiménez, Jenny Del Milagro; Mejía Córdova, Leslie LizbethSeed germination is the fundamental phenomenon that determines the successful growth and development of each plant species,even more so in Cinchona ofcinalis, which is a forest species that stands out for its medicinal importance. Te objective of thiswork was to determine the best sigmoidal mathematical model describing the germination of C. ofcinalis. For the germinationtest, a completely randomized design was used with six treatments and three replicates per treatment; 100 °C. ofcinalis seeds wereused per replicate, and 1800 seeds were needed in the trial. Gompertz sigmoidal, logistic, and von Bertalanfy models were used toanalyse the germination curves of C. ofcinalis. Te results of these adjustments were analysed based on the graphic representationand statistical criteria (Akaike’s value (AIC), R2 , and R2ai). Te results suggest that the Gompertz and logistic models havea better graphic representation, showing values close to those observed, while the von Bertalanfy model shows negative ger-mination values. According to the statistical criteria, the lowest AIC and the highest were obtained. R2 and R2ai with the Gompertzmodel, followed by the logistic model and von Bertalanfy. It is concluded that the Gompertz model can represent the shape of thegermination curves of C. ofcinalis for the six treatments of the test.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoComposición bacteriana en suelos de cultivo de maca (Lepidium meyenii Walp) analizada mediante metagenómica: un estudio en los Andes centrales del Perú(2021-04-28) Custodio, María; Huaraca Meza, Fisher; Peñaloza, Richard; Alvarado Ibañez, Juan Carlos; De la Cruz Solano, HeidiEl cambio e intensificación de uso del suelo ha dado lugar al empobrecimiento de los suelos con efectos negativos en las comunidades biológicas. Se analizó la composición bacteriana de suelos de cultivo de maca (Lepidium meyenii Walp) mediante secuenciación Illumina en la meseta de Bombón, durante el año 2019. Se definieron tres sectores de muestreo, un sector control (suelo natural) y dos sectores con presión de uso (suelos “primer uso” y “segundo uso”, respecto al cultivo de maca). Se determinaron los indicadores fisicoquímicos del suelo mediante métodos analíticos y la composición de las comunidades bacterianas mediante secuenciación Illumina de los amplicones del gen de ARNr 16S. Los resultados de pH y CE, en suelos control y con presión de uso, variaron de 7,51 a 4,53 y de 0,06 a 0,47 dS/m, respectivamente. Los contenidos más altos MO, N, P, K y Ca se registraron en los suelos control disminuyendo significativamente en suelos con presión de uso. El análisis de componentes principales (ACP) presentó un porcentaje de variación total del 97,1 %. La secuenciación Illumina reveló 3776 familias bacterianas. El análisis SIMPER mostró que los mayores porcentajes de contribución lo realizaron las familias Acidobacteriaceae (2,95%), Verrucomicrobiaceae (2,68%), Thermoactinomycetaceae (2,11%) y Akkermansiaceae (2,10%). El análisis de redundancia (AR) mostró una buena asociación entre las variables fisicoquímicas y las familias bacterianas. El análisis metagenómico ha permitido identificar familias bacterianas que pueden ser usadas como indicadores de buena y mala calidad fisicoquímica del suelo según presión de uso por cultivos de maca; así como, a los mejores indicadores fisicoquímicos predictores de los cambios de la composición de las comunidades bacterianas.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoEcological risk due to heavy metal contamination in sediment and water of naturalwetlands with tourist influence in the central region of Peru(2021-08-18) Custodio, María; Fow, Anthony; Chanamé, Fernán; Orellana Mendoza, Edith; Peñaloza, Richard; Alvarado Ibañez, Juan Carlos; Cano, Deyvis; Pizarro, SamuelIn this study, the quality of sediment and surface water in two natural wetlands, Paca and Tragadero, in the central region of Peru was evaluated using pollution indices, including the geoaccumulation index, pollutant load index, modified pollution degree, potential ecological risk index, and site rank index, for four heavy metals. Principal component analysis was used to identify potential metal contaminant sources. The determination of Fe, Zn, Pb, and As was performed by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The average concentrations of metals in the sediments of both lagoons decreased in the order Fe > Zn > Pb > As. The analysis of the contamination indices determined that As and Pb are the elements that contribute the most to environmental degradation in both wetlands. There is a strong correlation between the values of potential ecological risk and the modified degree of contamination, revealing that the Paca wetland has a moderate degree of contamination and potential ecological risk, while Tragadero presents a high degree of contamination and considerable potential ecological risk. The application of the site rank index showed that more than 50% of the sampling sites have between high and severe contamination. The principal component analysis presented 79.2% of the total variance. Finally, the results of this study are essential in order to carry out preventive actions for environmental protection in these lake ecosystems of great importance for many activities, such as bird watching.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoEffect of compliance with environmental regulations in the construction of public civil works, Cajamarca, Peru(2023-01-02) Quinto Sanchez, Dulcet Lorena; Sanchez Julon, Darwin Jefer; Milla Pino, Manuel Emilio; Torres Cruz, María Marleni; Cayatopa Calderón, Billy Alexis; Jara Llanos, Diomer Marino; Morales Rojas, EliConstruction activities produce considerable environmental effects and have resulted in a growing demand to implement favorable environmental practices. In this sense, this research aimed to evaluate the effect of the level of compliance with environmental regulations in public civil works in the San Ignacio, Cajamarca, Peru district. Data were obtained through direct observation and structured interviews in 7 selected construction sites. The deductive and analytical method was used. As a result, the level of compliance was obtained. Work 4 had the highest rank, and works 2 and 5 had the lowest. Currently, all the works are in a similar range of compliance. The degree of association between the level of compliance with environmental regulations and the current state of the civil works indicates a probability of 0.0190, which shows that the low level of compliance with environmental regulations in the construction of public civil works in the district of San Ignacio generates a deterioration in the quality of the environment and increases the possibility of administrative sanctions.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoEffect of geographic altitude on carbon stock in two physiographic units of the reserved forest of the Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva(2022-09-15) Reategui Inga, Manuel; Reategui Diaz, Darlym; Morales Rojas, Eli; Aguirre, CasianoThe objective of the research was to evaluate the effect of geographic altitude on the carbon stock in two physiographic units of the Reserved Forest of the Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva, Tingo Maria-Huanuco. The methodology used was the field manual for the remeasurement and establishment of plots of the Amazon Forest Inventory Network (RAINFOR), for which 2 hectares were permanently established (one hectare in low and high hills) in which the diameter (greater than or equal to 10 cm) and the height of the trees were measured. Finally, the density of the wood was obtained from previous studies. The pantropical model formula was used to estimate the carbon stock. The results show that geographic altitude significantly affects carbon stock (p < 0.05) in low and high-hill forests, concluding that this may be due to differences in meteorological variables such as precipitation, temperature, and humidity.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoEvaluation of heavy metals in vegetables from two origins marketed in northern Peru(2022-07-08) Grández, J.; Oliva, M.; Morales, E.; Goñas, M.; Chavez, S.; Guivin, A.; Quiñonez, L.; Milla, M.The objective of the study was to evaluate the concentration of arsenic, chromium, cadmium, and lead in onion (Allium fistulosum and Allium cepa), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), and celery (Apium graveolens) from two origins (local - Chachapoyas province and from the coast-province of Chiclayo) that are sold in the model market of the city of Chachapoyas. Six samples were taken on three different dates in November 2020, which were collected by non-probabilistic sampling (by convenience), which allowed choosing the most appropriate sample (according to its origin). For the determination of heavy metals, the Agilent 4100 MP-AES spectrometer was used. The concentration of As, Cr, and Cd in the vegetables remained below the Maximum Allowable Limits of the international standards with which they were compared; however, the concentration of Pb exceeded the Maximum Allowable Limits in all the samples analyzed, obtaining the lowest value in the celery samples from the local origin (0.15 mg.kg-1) and the highest value in the tomato samples from the coast (0.21 mg.kg-1). Therefore, it is concluded that only Pb is higher than the Maximum Allowable Limits with which it was compared.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoEvaluation of the optimal dose of gibberellic acid (Full gib) in the induction of sprouting of yungay potato variety tuber (Solanum tuberosum L.)(2024-06-13) Ruiz Camacho, Wilfredo; Villegas Rivas, Danny; Palacios Sánchez, José Manuel; Rodríguez Ordoñez, Freddi Roland; Paredes Carranza, José Celso; Nuñez Sanchez, Guillermo; Llauce Santamaría, Rosario Yaqueliny; Paredes Guerrero, Angel Wilmer; Olivera Aldana, Mario Félix; Rubio Cueva, Linder; Cueva Valdivia, Johnny; Bernilla Rodriguez, Eduer Blandimiro; Rios Campos, Carlos; Maldonado Ramirez, Italo; Rodriguez Barboza, Jhonny Richard; Vento Rojas, Juan; Hernández Aparcana, Noelia Meliza; Medina Guerrero, Merici Ingrid; Osorio Carrera, César; Ponce Rojas, Karin; Ramirez Calderón, Luis; Lujan Cabrera, Micaela; Blanco Reyna, Jorge Luis; Lavado Enriquez, Juana Maribel; Ludeña González, Gerardo Francisco; De Piérola García, Violeta María; López García, José Enrique; Lozano Sánchez, Zelmira Beatriz; Castro Castillo, Félix Ernesto; Ruiz Camus, Claudia Elizabeth; González González, Dionicio Godofredo; Vargas Gutierrez, Delicia De Jesus; Escudero Vilchez, Fernando Emilio; Salazar Llerena, Silvia Liliana; Bustinza Vargas, Juana Victoria; Sapacayo, Lourdes Lacuta; Cerna Muñoz, Carlos Alfredo; Miranda Diaz, Luis Orlando; Cerna Quispe, Gladys Virginia; Germán Cáceres, Manuel Lorenzo; Ramos Córdova, Gabriela Olivia; Oliva Cerna, Juan Carlos; Lapa Zárate, Carlos Luis; Dávila Rivera, Arbel; Delgado Bazán, Erick; Garrido Campaña, Zadith; Monroy Correa, Graciela; Saravia Pachas, Delia; Guardia Huamaní, Efraín; Quipas Bellizza, Mariella; Terry Ponte, OttoThis research was carried out in the district of Luya, province of Chachapoyas, Amazonas, with the objective of evaluating the optimal dose of gibberellic acid (Full Gib) in the induction of sprouting of potato tubers (Solanum tuberosum L.) Yungay variety. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two factors three replications and seven treatments was used. Minitat 17 statistical software, ANOVA, and the Tukey mean comparison test at 5% were used for data analysis. The treatments were: Nothing was applied (T1), 7.5 mL of Full Gib in 20 L of water, for 15 min (T2), 7.5 mL of Full Gib in 20 L of water, for 20 min (T3), 10 mL of full Gib in 20 L of water, for 15 min (T4), 10 mL of full Gib in 20 L of water, for 20 min (T5), 12. 5 mL of full Gib in 20 L of water, for 15 min (T6), 12.5 mL of full Gib in 20 L of water, for 20 min (T7). The variables evaluated were: Sprouting percentage, number of sprouts, sprout length, and sprout diameter per tuber. According to the results obtained, it can be observed that treatments 5 and 3 obtained the highest germination percentages with 86.17 and 85.67%, respectively, surpassing the other treatments; there were no significant differences between treatments in the number of sprouts per tuber. Treatments 5, 3, and 4 were better, with results of 8.93, 8.83, and 8.68, respectively; on the other hand, the variable shoot length obtained the best results in treatments 5 and 3 with 7.69 and 7.50 cm, respectively. Similarly, the shoot diameter variable had positive results in treatments 3 and 5 with 6.0 and 5.9 mm, respectively.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoEvolution and future perspectives of scientific journals in Peruvian public universities(2023-10-19) Reategui Inga, Manuel; Morales Rojas, Eli; Fernandez Zarate, Franklin Hitler; Fernández Villarroel, Roger Álvaro; Ferro, Pompeyo; Alva Valdiviezo, Wilfredo; Ñique Alvarez, Manuel; Guerra Lu, José Kalión; Dávila Zamora, Edilberto CésarIn Peru, scientific journals are in constant growth, as they seek to make visible the scientific work of licensed public universities. In this sense, the objective of this research was to evaluate the historical evolution and future perspectives of scientific journals in Peru. The research was carried out by reviewing the official web pages of each institution, taking into account the official list of universities authorized by the Superintendencia Nacional de Educación Superior Universitaria (SUNEDU). We reviewed journals that are included in the Sistema Regional de Información en Línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal (Latindex Catálogo 2.0), SciELO, Web of Science (WOS) and Scopus. Data analysis was performed by tabulation in Excel and Minitab 19. We found 205 scientific journals, 51 are indexed in at least one database (Latindex Catálogo 2.0, SciELO, WOS, or Scopus) and 154 in no database, which means that the editorial teams have an arduous task. Only four journals are indexed in Scopus (three belong to the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos and one to the Universidad Nacional de Trujillo). It is concluded that the evolution of the journals is a function of their Google Scholar H index. Likewise, support for public universities should be increased to promote the indexing of scientific journals to generate greater visibility of research at regional, national, and international levels of public universities in Peru. In this sense, future perspectives include incentive policies for researchers who publish in local journals.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoMental health of university students when returning to face-to-face classes: A cross-sectional study(2023-05-23) Estrada Araoz, Edwin Gustavo; Bautista Quispe, Judith Annie; Córdova Rojas, Lizbeth Maribel; Ticona Chayña, Euclides; Mamani Coaquira, Humberto; Huaman Tomanguilla, JhonyDepression, anxiety and stress are multifactorial affective disorders that could manifest through a set of symptoms, both physical and psychological, that affect the quality of life and performance of people who suffer from them. In this sense, the present research had the objective of evaluating depression, anxiety and stress in students of the Faculty of Engineering of a Peruvian public university when returning to face-to-face classes. The research was developed under a quantitative approach and is of a non-experimental design of the descriptive cross-sectional type. The sample consisted of 244 students who responded to the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale, an instrument with adequate psychometric properties. According to the results, the students presented low levels of depression and anxiety. However, they showed moderate levels of stress. On the other hand, it was found out that the three variables were directly and significantly related. In the same way, it was found that there were statistically significant differences regarding the levels of depression, anxiety and stress related to gender, age group, family responsibilities and professional career. Finally, it was concluded that there were symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress in students of the Faculty of Engineering of a Peruvian public university when returning to face-to-face classes.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoPost-pandemic mental health: Psychological distress and burnout syndrome in regular basic education teachers(2023-05-04) Estrada Araoz, Edwin Gustavo; Bautista Quispe, Judith Annie; Velazco Reyes, Benjamin; Mamani Coaquira, Humberto; Ascona Garcia, Papa Pio; Arias Palomino, Yessenia LuzThe COVID-19 pandemic has affected the mental health of regular basic education teachers. Despite the fact that in recent months the number of infections has decreased significantly, the return to face-to-face classes is of great concern to teachers due to the adverse educational context they must face. In this sense, the objective of this study was to determine whether or not psychological distress is significantly related to burnout syndrome in regular basic education teachers upon their return to face-to-face classes. This research employed a quantitative approach, the design was nonexperimental, and the type of study was descriptive–correlational and cross-sectional. In total, 184 teachers participated and responded using the Psychological Distress Scale and the Maslach Burnout Inventory, which are instruments with adequate psychometric properties. The results indicated that 40.7% of the teachers had a moderate level of psychological distress, and 45.1% also had a moderate level of burnout syndrome. Likewise, it was found that the Pearson’s r correlation coefficient between the variables psychological distress and burnout syndrome was 0.752, and the p-value was below the level of significance (p < 0.05). It was concluded that there is a direct and significant relationship between psychological distress and burnout syndrome in regular basic education teachers upon their return to face-to-face classes. For this reason, it is suggested that the Ministry of Education should design policies that allow a reassessment of the work that teachers have been carrying out and that promote the implementation of preventive and corrective programs to improve their mental health.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoSeasonal variability of water quality for human consumption in the Tilacancha conduction system, Amazonas, Peru(2023-11-08) Veneros, Jaris; Cuchca Ramos, Llandercita; Goñas, Malluri; Morales, Eli; Auquiñivín Silva, Erick; Oliva, Manuel; García, LigiaThis study evaluated the seasonal variability of water quality in the Tilacancha River, the water source that supplies Chachapoyas, and the rural communities of Levanto and San Isidro del Maino of Perú. Eighteen physical, chemical, and microbiological water parameters were evaluated at five sampling points in two seasons (rainy and dry). To determine water quality, the results obtained for the parameters evaluated were compared with the Maximum Permissible Limits (MPL) established in the Regulation on Water Quality for Human Consumption (DS Nº 031-2010-SA), approved by the Environmental Health Directorate of the Ministry of Health. In addition, a Pearson correlation was performed to estimate the correlation between the variables evaluated. The results showed that microbiological parameters exceeded the MPLs in both periods evaluated, such as the case of total coliforms (44 MPN.100 mL-1), fecal coliforms (25 MPN.100 mL-1), and E. coli (5.45 MPN.100 mL-1), these microbiological parameters reported a positive correlation with turbidity, temperature, total dissolved solids, and flow rate. In addition, aluminum (Al) and manganese (Mn) exceeded the MPL in the rainy (0.26 mg Al.L-1) and dry (1.41 mg.Mn-1.L-1) seasons, respectively. The results indicated that the water of the Tilacancha River is not suitable for human consumption. Therefore, it must be treated in drinking water treatment plants to be used as drinking water.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoSocial factors associated with poverty in households in Peru(2022-12-13) Quispe Mamani, Julio Cesar; Aguilar-Pinto, Santotomas Licimaco; Calcina Álvarez, Dominga Asunción; Ulloa-Gallardo, Nelly Jacqueline; Madueño Portilla, Roxana; Vargas Espinoza, Jorge Luis; Quispe Mamani, Félix; Cutipa Quilca, Balbina Esperanza; Tairo Huamán, Ruth Nancy; Coacalla Vargas, ElizaldeThe objective of the research was to identify the determinants of poverty at the household level in Peru in 2020. The research design was descriptive and correlational, with a type of nonexperimental research and quantitative approach, and considered the logit econometric model; the sources of information used correspond to the National Household Survey of the National Institute of Statistics and Informatics, from which the variables that are considered determinants of poverty were extracted and managed. It was determined that the size of the household positively influences by 1.3%; the economic income of the head of household negatively influences by 0.000828%; the years of education of the head of household influences by 0.1%; homeownership influences by 0.9%; access to social programs of food and non-food aid influence by 0.9% and 0.6%, respectively; access to drinking water service, hygienic service and electric power service have a negative influence of 1.8%, 0.6% and 1.7%; all these factors are associated with the poverty of households in Peru. Therefore, the social determinants of poverty were household size, economic income, years of education, access to homeownership, access to a social food aid program, access to a social non-food aid program, access to drinking water services, access to hygienic services and access to electric power services.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoSustainable electromagnetic prototype for detecting internal deterioration in building walls(2024-07-20) Ascona García, Papa Pio; Aguirre Camacho, Marco Antonio; Silva Barboza, Elger Orlando; Ordoñez Carpio, Guido Elar; Cuadros-Rojas, EmersonThe aim of this study was to develop a sustainable electromagnetic prototype to detect the interior deterioration of walls in buildings in order to mitigate uncertainty as it is a challenge to observe the interior state of walls without utilising destructive procedures. The method used was experimental, developmental and quantitative in its approach. The inductance, electric current, modulated frequency and power of the electromagnetic field were used to penetrate the constructed specimens, which were built of materials such as concrete, brick, adobe, plaster and fine sand and had walls with a thickness of less than 300 millimetres. The results show that the optimum value of the magnetic field was 0.18 μT, which was sufficient to penetrate 150 mm with densities between 1.0 and 2.4 g/cm3 and porosities between 11 and 60%. The current and wave each had a coefficient of determination R2 = 0.8914, and the average inductance value was 184 μH, which was established with an air core of radius 9.75 cm and with 19 turns with AWG-25 wire. The frequency-modulated signal ranged in the audible zone between 10 and 22 kHz. The presented prototype detects the interior deterioration of the walls of the building, and the signal is reflected on a metallic guide on the opposite side of the wall with a reading error of 5%. The use of this prototype does not represent a risk to the operator or the environment.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoTrace elements in fertilizers used in Peru(2023-03-08) Gómez, Víctor; Molina Roco, Mauricio; Chichipe, Elder; Morales Rojas, EliFertilizers provide essential nutrients for crops, however, they may also inadvertently provide trace elements that in certain concentrations represent a risk to the soil and the food chain. The objective of this research was to determine the concentrations of Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn in the most common fertilizers used in Peruvian agriculture. Twenty-one products including inorganic, organic mineral, and organic fertilizers were analyzed by microwave plasma atomic emission spectrometry. The results were compared against international standards. The content of the trace elements was variable and related to the type of fertilizer. Phosphorus fertilizers showed higher concentrations of Cd (3.3-42.3 mgkg-1), most of which exceeded the regulatory limits of several countries. In the case of Pb, none of the fertilizers analyzed exceeded the regulatory limits. Chicken manure showed the highest concentrations of Cu and Zn. The concentration of trace elements such as Cd in fertilizers should be monitored in Peru, since the prolonged and intensive use of phosphorus fertilizers in doses that do not consider technical recommendations, could represent an accumulation of these elements in soils, with the consequent risk to human health and the environment.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoWater quality in small-scale coffee production units, Amazonas, Peru(2022-10-11) Morales Rojas, Eli; Chávez Quintana, Segundo; García, Magali; Veneros, Jaris; Oliva, Manuel; Santa Cruz Guerrero, José Carlos; Milla Pino, Manuel Emilio; Guivin Guadalupe, Alex Lenin; Sanchez Santillan, TitoThe objective of this research was to determine water quality in small-scale coffee production units in the Amazon Region, Peru. The characterization of the factors associated with coffee farmers was collected through surveys. The Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater (APHA) method was used to determine the physicochemical and microbiological parameters of the incoming water (AE) (water for human consumption) and the outgoing water (AS) (wastewater from coffee washing). The results indicated that the coffee growers do not have adequate technology for washing the coffee and that they use water for these activities. In the characterization of the water, significant differences were found between the parameters of the AE and the AS, where the pH of the AE ranged from 7.00 to 7.32 and the pH of the AS from 3.76 to 4.44. The turbidity of the AS showed high values of 1814.47 NTU. Total Coliforms (TC) and heavy metals such as copper and chromium all increased in value up to 0.20 and 0.15 ppm in the AS compared to the AE. The characteristics of the water quality consumed by the coffee growers are poor and values above Peruvian standards were found.
